Hitachi ZDP-189

Hitachi ZDP-189 is a 'super' powdered metallurgy (PM) steel produced by Hitachi Metals Ltd. Its composition includes 3.00-3.20% Carbon (C), 19.00-21.00% Chromium (Cr), 1.30-1.70% Molybdenum (Mo), 0.60-1.00% Tungsten (W), and 0.10-0.30% Vanadium (V).

ZDP-189's extremely high carbon content, combined with the presence of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten, results in exceptional hardness, edge retention, and wear resistance. However, due to its high hardness, ZDP-189 can be more challenging to sharpen compared to other steels like SG2 and HAP40. Once sharpened, it maintains its edge for an extended period, making it a popular choice for those who prioritize edge retention in their kitchen knives.

When comparing ZDP-189 to other popular steels, SG2 has a lower carbon content (1.25-1.45%) and chromium content (14.00-16.00%) than ZDP-189. While SG2 offers excellent edge retention and wear resistance, ZDP-189 surpasses it in both aspects due to its higher carbon content. HAP40 has a lower carbon content (1.27-1.37%) and chromium content (3.70-4.70%) compared to ZDP-189. Although HAP40 is known for its exceptional edge retention, ZDP-189 surpasses it in this regard.

Note: When selecting a knife steel for your Japanese kitchen knife, it's essential to understand that there are trade-offs involved. Improving one characteristic, such as edge retention, often means compromising on another, like toughness. There is no universally "best" steel; the choice depends entirely on your individual needs and preferences. Remember, steel is just one piece of the puzzle. Consider other aspects that matter to you such as the grind, aesthetics, and overall craftsmanship. While steel matters, it's not the only thing that makes a great knife.
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